Pure Substances Chemistry - Basics

Pure Substances Chemistry - BasicsWhen it comes to Pure Substances Chemistry, there are few very strict rules or parameters that are to be adhered to. These are all according to the kind of substance, its composition and the chemist's personal tastes.Some people think that Pure Substances Chemistry is quite complicated and thus they avoid this field altogether. This is wrong and one should try Pure Substances Chemistry and make a start by taking up the basics of it. After understanding these basics, he can then take up some advanced and more intricate rules of the discipline.The main thing to be kept in mind while Pure Substances Chemistry is that first the chemicals must be handled in a safe and hygienic manner. The safety of the people who work with the chemical should be ensured and many people go to great lengths to ensure that they do not come in contact with these chemicals when handling them. Those who have taken up the Pure Substances Chemistry training course will have learn t the basic safety guidelines and they will know what precautions need to be taken. Some of the things they will be told to do are to wash their hands, wear protective gloves, eye protection etc.The basic rule of Pure Substances Chemistry is that to understand the chemistry behind the chemistry and the reactions in it, a lot of background information must be acquired about these chemicals. A good example would be when handling ammonia. The acidity level of this chemical causes it to be a highly toxic chemical in the body and therefore if a person has no prior knowledge of this, he must seek to acquire knowledge in the area before handling them.Pure Substances Chemistry deals with all sorts of chemicals and since each chemical has a different composition, its safety features need to be kept in mind. For instance, small chemicals like Ester Gels and Crystals require special handling equipment to ensure their safety. Another compound is Triethylaluminium (TEA) which has an unpleasant s mell and hence the use of closed systems is necessary to keep the fumes away from the eyes.Drugs like aspirin, paracetamol and painkillers need to be stored in a particular container like clear plastic bags or else the chemicals could leak out and get into the air. Similarly, the strong water is needed to wash down the rooms and at the same time electrical equipments are to be put in lockers. It would also be advisable to use these lockers with the doors as children or animals could get inside the lockers and spill chemicals and harmful substances.Cleanliness is another aspect to be kept in mind. It is important to keep the rooms and laboratories sterile and dirty in order to prevent the spread of diseases and even the spread of disease-causing microorganisms. Such hygiene measures help to improve the efficiency of Pure Substances Chemistry, too.In conclusion, Pure Substances Chemistry is all about safety and proper treatment of chemicals. People must ensure that they follow the saf ety norms of the discipline to ensure the safety of the people working in them.

italki June 2015 Language Challenge BEFORE and AFTER videos !

italki June 2015 Language Challenge BEFORE and AFTER videos ! Check out Videos of Students Who Completed the June 2015 Language  Challenge! So, first of all we would like to thank everyone of you who have joined the June 2015 Language Challenge. Whatever your reasons of learning languages, we hope that by doing this challenge you will have a consistent language learning habit throughout 2015! Here are some of the best videos that we received for this challenge: Alex from England completed June 2015 Language Challenge learning Mandarin Chinese! Alex is actually living in Beijing and want to improve his general language skills. His family came in July and he wanted to be able to handle every possible situations! Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge: Jonathan from France successfully completed the Challenge! He choose to learn Spanish with three different teachers from all over the world to familiarize himself with accents and pronunciation, a great idea ! Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge: Pierre from Brasil completed the Language Challenge! His  fourth Language Challenge! He decided to improve his English for this language challenge. Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge, we can see the progress: Jimmy Mello from Brazil took the Language Challenge and complete it! Jimmy Mello has been a member of italki for  two years, and is really involved in learning languages! Hes a Professional Teacher but also an avid language learner!  He decided to learn Polish for this Language Challenge with his own method: the Mello Method! Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: Before the challenge he never spoke Polish before and made some great progress! See for yourself: Yang from China  successfully  completed the challenge and learned Swedish! He had a great teacher and is waiting from the new Language Challenge! Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: Yang made some great progress in his Swedish: Charlotte from Sweden/Germany learned French during this Language Challenge! Here is the public video pledge that she made before the challenge: La langue de Molière is difficult but here are her progress after one month of learning: Zeeshan from United States completed the Language Challenge! He learned Spanish and Japanese due to a personal interest of the culture. Zeeshan feels he made real progress during the challenge and we congratulate him. Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge: Scott from United States decided to learn Spanish during this Language Challenge! Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge: Hank  also from United States learned German during this Language Challenge! He pledged and swore that he would take 12 hours of lessons in June and he succeeded! Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge: Helga from Russia successfully completed the Language Challenge! She went on holiday to Italy so she decided to improve her speaking skills. Here is the public video pledge that she made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge: Bianca from United States completed the Language Challenge to learn Spanish! Shes going to be a Reading tutor in Spanish, so she needs to improve her pronunciation. Here is the public video pledge that she made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge: Vitor from Portugal really likes learning new languages! He decided for this Language Challenge to improve his Chinese skills. Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge: We really do hope that after the challenge you will not stop learning languages. We hope that this challenge gives you that extra push  to keep learning languages throughout the year! italki June 2015 Language Challenge BEFORE and AFTER videos ! Check out Videos of Students Who Completed the June 2015 Language  Challenge! So, first of all we would like to thank everyone of you who have joined the June 2015 Language Challenge. Whatever your reasons of learning languages, we hope that by doing this challenge you will have a consistent language learning habit throughout 2015! Here are some of the best videos that we received for this challenge: Alex from England completed June 2015 Language Challenge learning Mandarin Chinese! Alex is actually living in Beijing and want to improve his general language skills. His family came in July and he wanted to be able to handle every possible situations! Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge: Jonathan from France successfully completed the Challenge! He choose to learn Spanish with three different teachers from all over the world to familiarize himself with accents and pronunciation, a great idea ! Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge: Pierre from Brasil completed the Language Challenge! His  fourth Language Challenge! He decided to improve his English for this language challenge. Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge, we can see the progress: Jimmy Mello from Brazil took the Language Challenge and complete it! Jimmy Mello has been a member of italki for  two years, and is really involved in learning languages! Hes a Professional Teacher but also an avid language learner!  He decided to learn Polish for this Language Challenge with his own method: the Mello Method! Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: Before the challenge he never spoke Polish before and made some great progress! See for yourself: Yang from China  successfully  completed the challenge and learned Swedish! He had a great teacher and is waiting from the new Language Challenge! Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: Yang made some great progress in his Swedish: Charlotte from Sweden/Germany learned French during this Language Challenge! Here is the public video pledge that she made before the challenge: La langue de Molière is difficult but here are her progress after one month of learning: Zeeshan from United States completed the Language Challenge! He learned Spanish and Japanese due to a personal interest of the culture. Zeeshan feels he made real progress during the challenge and we congratulate him. Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge: Scott from United States decided to learn Spanish during this Language Challenge! Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge: Hank  also from United States learned German during this Language Challenge! He pledged and swore that he would take 12 hours of lessons in June and he succeeded! Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge: Helga from Russia successfully completed the Language Challenge! She went on holiday to Italy so she decided to improve her speaking skills. Here is the public video pledge that she made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge: Bianca from United States completed the Language Challenge to learn Spanish! Shes going to be a Reading tutor in Spanish, so she needs to improve her pronunciation. Here is the public video pledge that she made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge: Vitor from Portugal really likes learning new languages! He decided for this Language Challenge to improve his Chinese skills. Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge: We really do hope that after the challenge you will not stop learning languages. We hope that this challenge gives you that extra push  to keep learning languages throughout the year! italki June 2015 Language Challenge BEFORE and AFTER videos ! Check out Videos of Students Who Completed the June 2015 Language  Challenge! So, first of all we would like to thank everyone of you who have joined the June 2015 Language Challenge. Whatever your reasons of learning languages, we hope that by doing this challenge you will have a consistent language learning habit throughout 2015! Here are some of the best videos that we received for this challenge: Alex from England completed June 2015 Language Challenge learning Mandarin Chinese! Alex is actually living in Beijing and want to improve his general language skills. His family came in July and he wanted to be able to handle every possible situations! Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge: Jonathan from France successfully completed the Challenge! He choose to learn Spanish with three different teachers from all over the world to familiarize himself with accents and pronunciation, a great idea ! Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge: Pierre from Brasil completed the Language Challenge! His  fourth Language Challenge! He decided to improve his English for this language challenge. Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge, we can see the progress: Jimmy Mello from Brazil took the Language Challenge and complete it! Jimmy Mello has been a member of italki for  two years, and is really involved in learning languages! Hes a Professional Teacher but also an avid language learner!  He decided to learn Polish for this Language Challenge with his own method: the Mello Method! Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: Before the challenge he never spoke Polish before and made some great progress! See for yourself: Yang from China  successfully  completed the challenge and learned Swedish! He had a great teacher and is waiting from the new Language Challenge! Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: Yang made some great progress in his Swedish: Charlotte from Sweden/Germany learned French during this Language Challenge! Here is the public video pledge that she made before the challenge: La langue de Molière is difficult but here are her progress after one month of learning: Zeeshan from United States completed the Language Challenge! He learned Spanish and Japanese due to a personal interest of the culture. Zeeshan feels he made real progress during the challenge and we congratulate him. Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge: Scott from United States decided to learn Spanish during this Language Challenge! Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge: Hank  also from United States learned German during this Language Challenge! He pledged and swore that he would take 12 hours of lessons in June and he succeeded! Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge: Helga from Russia successfully completed the Language Challenge! She went on holiday to Italy so she decided to improve her speaking skills. Here is the public video pledge that she made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge: Bianca from United States completed the Language Challenge to learn Spanish! Shes going to be a Reading tutor in Spanish, so she needs to improve her pronunciation. Here is the public video pledge that she made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge: Vitor from Portugal really likes learning new languages! He decided for this Language Challenge to improve his Chinese skills. Here is the public video pledge that he made before the challenge: And here is the video after challenge: We really do hope that after the challenge you will not stop learning languages. We hope that this challenge gives you that extra push  to keep learning languages throughout the year!

Tips For Tutoring Jobs In San Tan Valley AZ

Tips For Tutoring Jobs In San Tan Valley AZOne of the most sought after types of career is that of a tutor, both in San Diego and San Tan Valley AZ. People have been choosing to become tutors for years now, and it isn't as though the students themselves are the only ones who benefit.Now, San Tan Valley and San Diego have grown significantly, and that means it is increasingly easy to find a good place to work at any given time. Of course, if you choose to become a tutor, there are a few things that you can do to ensure that you are offered the best possible pay.The first thing that you will want to do is ensure that you are working at a place in San Tan Valley AZ that is just as popular as the one in San Diego. This way, you will be in better position to get more positions. You may also want to look into what job opportunities are available in the area. There are a lot of people that come to San Tan Valley AZ looking for tutoring jobs.It is also very important that you make yourself k nown to your potential employers. Try to find out when their hiring process is likely to begin, and also ensure that you try to meet with them. This way, you will be able to show them that you are a qualified tutor. You might also want to look into the company that you are going to, so that you can make sure that you are going to get the best possible offer.To make sure that you are offered the best possible pay, make sure that you work hard, and show your worth. Whether it is tutoring or being an educational coach, you need to show that you have some talent. If you show that you are willing to do a great deal of hard work, you will be able to earn much more than if you were not in this type of job.If you are interested in becoming a tutor in San Tan Valley AZ, then you need to find the perfect place to do it. You should make sure that you choose a place that is not too expensive, but that offers some type of educational program. After all, if you want to be successful, you have to know that you are getting the education that you need.One of the best places to find the best tutoring jobs in San Tan Valley AZ is online. There are a lot of websites that are devoted to helping people learn how to tutor. These websites will give you the information that you need, whether you are just starting out, or whether you have been doing this for years.

Chemistry Demos For High School - How to Plan Ahead

Chemistry Demos For High School - How to Plan AheadIf you're a first-time student, chemistry demos for high school can be overwhelming and difficult. It's best to start out by listening to some recordings of actual lectures on chemistry to get the basics down. Here are some helpful tips for getting started.If you don't want to take the time to listen to recordings, make sure your high school chemistry teacher gives you audio or video support in class. This might be one of the best ways to get the hang of the topics. And you may get a better idea of what kind of chemistry demonstrations for high school you need to prepare for. The more you practice, the better you'll get.It might be helpful to start out with either physics or chemistry. Some teachers may require all students to study at least one of these areas, so make sure you know which you want to focus on.Check out some videos online to help you learn how to do basic concepts. If you need a hint, you can find a few websites that offer free videos with some basic explanations. Sometimes the videos are just an overview, so you'll want to check to see what they teach before choosing to watch them.Don't wait until you're ready to start taking advanced courses to understand more advanced concepts. You may only be able to have a good idea of how to prepare for demonstrations for high school, but once you've been given more information on advanced chemistry concepts, you'll be ready to tackle more advanced topics.It's important to set goals for yourself when you learn about chemistry demos for high school. You can decide to concentrate on one or two specific aspects of a particular topic, or work your way from there.It may be helpful to take a couple of lectures at a time to see if you'll be able to grasp everything that's being taught. It's also possible that you may find it easier to choose one topic and concentrate on it fully.

How to Find a College Chemistry Tutor Near Me

How to Find a College Chemistry Tutor Near MeYou want to get a good chemistry tutor, but you're not sure how to find one that can meet your needs. You've tried online sites and paid for a tutor in the past, but you were never completely satisfied with their work. What's a person like you to do?Many people choose to find an online tutor because they can pay their bills or make money through the internet. Others just have the time and patience to spend studying. Still others are looking for the right chemistry teacher that will teach them the chemistry concepts in a fun and interactive manner. You can find all of these needs among college students.If you want a tutor that will help you to understand chemistry concepts, you'll need to visit a college lab or get a tutoring session in person. A tutor at a college lab is likely to be more expensive, as the lab teachers usually charge more to see the results of their students' learning. But if you don't mind going to school and still want t o learn the things you need to know, this may be the right option for you. Online tutors are also an option if you're looking for a tutor that works well for your schedule. Online tutors have other offers as well, such as group tutoring, so you won't be limited by your schedule.The best way to find a college chemistry tutor is to research online. There are many online chemistry tutor services, as well as tutoring services at many colleges. Find the services that suit your needs and have the most up-to-date materials available. Make sure that the online company you are choosing has reviews to help you find the best. Do a little research about the online tutors before you commit to getting one.Remember that you have many options when it comes to finding a college chemistry tutor. You can go to college labs and talk to the lab instructors to find a tutor to teach you the science you need to learn. You can also get a group meeting with a tutor and ask him or her what course the group sh ould take next. You can talk to the college science department to get a chemistry tutor. You can even take online classes or attend one of the university's many seminars to find a tutor to help you learn the basics of chemistry.Your only limitation to finding a college chemistry tutor is the time that you have. You can't find a chemistry tutor during your day job. This is where the internet comes in. Online chemistry tutors are available to you whenever you have time to study or spend time with your friends. Your schedules aren't the only thing that changes from your regular day job. Sometimes you get sick, vacation, or holidays that you need to plan for.It is important that you find a college chemistry tutor that will help you learn the science needed to master a subject. Don't waste your time or your money. The sooner you find the right chemistry tutor, the better off you'll be.

Learn How to Change Guitar Strings Improve Guitar Sound Tune

Learn How to Change Guitar Strings Improve Guitar Sound Tune Suzy S. Learning how to change your guitar strings may seem daunting, but new strings can make a huge difference in the sound and intonation of your guitar. Let guitar teacher Noaa R. walk you through the process step by step Changing your guitar strings is an essential maintenance skill. In addition to sounding bad, old strings are difficult to play and prone to breakage. Strings should be changed at least on a monthly basis, and more often if you can afford it. Changing them is very easy, fortunately. Here’s how: Materials: -New Strings -Wire Cutter -Needlenose Pliers -Tuner -String Winder (optional) It’s best to change the strings one at a time so that the tension exerted on the neck doesn’t fluctuate too much. Heres the step-by-step process for how to change guitar strings: 1) Remove Dead String Loosen the string using the tuning machine. If you have a string winder, this is much faster. Pull the end out of the tuning post and clip the bent portion. This leaves the string tip straight so that it can be easily pulled out through the bridge by the ball end. Wrap and discard. Needlenose pliers can be useful here for extraction, especially if one of your strings has broken and a curly fragment is lodged in the post of the tuning peg. 2) Insert New String Unwrap the fresh string and insert the straight end through the appropriate hole in the bridge. With a Stratocaster-style bridge, this insertion point is accessed under the panel on the back of the guitar. On other guitars with front-mounted tailpieces, such as Les Pauls, the insertion points are found at the back of the tailpiece just behind the bridge. Pull the string all the way through until the ball end catches securely. In most acoustic guitars, the strings are held in place by small pegs called bridge pins. You can remove them using a coin or a pick for leverage, or with special tools found in almost any music store. Feed the ball end about halfway down the peghole and insert the pin, lightly pulling up on the string until you feel it wedge snugly. The goal is to trap the ball end between the narrow tip of the peg and the wall of the cavity. If pulling on the string pops the peg out of place, start over. It takes a little practice to get the feel for this, but you’ll pick it up quickly. 3) Secure String And Tighten To Pitch Pull the string all the way through the appropriate string post until it is taut, then pull it back out about one or two fret lengths to create some slack. Then kink it around the string post to set the length and tighten, counterclockwise, until your tuner indicates the desired pitch. A string winder speeds this process, but be careful not to overtighten as the string may snap. As the string wraps around the post, guide the protruding string end so that the coils sit nicely on top of and around it, keeping it secure. Clip the excess length from the post and discard. 4) Stretch String The string, under tension for the first time, will naturally drop in pitch. To condition it, fret the string with one hand at the 12th fret. With the free hand, place a thumb against the guitar for leverage and use your fingers to gently pull the string up and down about an inch from the body for 15-20 seconds. The pitch will drop significantly; tune it back up to the correct note and repeat. Be careful not to pull too vigorously, especially with the smaller strings, as you run the risk of snapping them. With each stretch, the amount of pitch correction required will decrease. When a stretch results in little to no change in the string’s pitch, you’re done. Move on to the next string and repeat the process. 5)  Repeat Steps 1-4 With Remaining Strings 6) Fine Tune And Jam Once all the strings have been changed and excess material has been discarded, give each string one more quick stretch and retune. You’re done! Enjoy the newly-rejuvenated sound of your instrument and the slick, smooth mobility of fresh strings! Now go practice!! If youd like one-on-one assistance learning how to change guitar strings, or help with anything else on your guitar, taking lessons with a private guitar teacher is the best way to find out what you want to know. Search for a guitar teacher near you today! Noaa R. teaches guitar, music theory, and composition lessons in Jamaica Plain, MA. He is a current student at Berklee College of Music and he has been teaching students since 2011. Learn more about Noaa. Interested in Private Lessons? Search thousands of teachers for local and live, online lessons. Sign up for convenient, affordable private lessons today! Search for Your Teacher Photo by Catherine Singleton

ESOL Exercises to Help You Learn English Grammar

ESOL Exercises to Help You Learn English Grammar ESOL Learners: How to Learn English Grammar ChaptersDefining English Grammar in General TermsThe Problem with PredicatesSentences, Word Order and ConjunctionsESOL Grammar: Proper Punctuation is VitalUsing the Right WordThe Best Grammar ExercisesTo attain  physical fitness, we exercise our bodies.Doing grammar exercises will not increase your fitness, but they will  improve your strength and ability to use the English language.Before we start our exercises in English grammar, we first have to understand the scope: what, exactly, is grammar?Aspects of this field include:Phonology â€" the study and organisation of sounds in a language.Morphology â€" the study of words, how they are formed and their relationship with other words.Syntax â€" the set of rules that governs the structure of sentencesspecifically: word order and punctuation.Phonetics â€" the sounds of human speechin the case of sign language, the equivalent aspects of signing to spoken language.Semantics â€" the study of meaning in languagePragmatics â€" the way context contributes to meaningUnless you are planning a career in linguistics, specializing in the English language, you only need to concern yourself with syntax and phonetics.You might consider dabbling in Pragmatics, as well. Hasn't your Esl teacher often told you to look for context clues when reading, or listening to spoken English?Just as a physical fitness coach will focus movement sets to certain muscle groups, the grammar exercises we feature in this article are targeted to help you improve your overall English capabilities and fluency.The Problem with PredicatesFor linguists and grammarians alike, predicates pose problems. There seems to be a division of opinion on exactly what a predicate is.One school of thought contends a predicate is one of two main parts of a sentence.The other gets down to brass tacks: a predicate is the main verb and any auxiliary verbs in a sentence.Whether identified as verbs or predicates, these parts of speech seem the most arduous to grasp and use cor rectly for those learning English as a second language.What tense  should you use when describing an ongoing action? What about if the action is already complete? And what verb tense should you use to describe facts that are generally true?In the course of your language learning, and especially if you sit for IELTS, you will have to identify and use verb tenses correctly.Most of the students in my English classes are female.Simple present tense is used to describe facts that are generally true.I scored well on the Esol exam.Simple past denotes already completed actions.I am going to my business English class.The simple  present  of to be + verb with -ing ending makes present progressive (sometimes called present continuous).Here we note that many people studying English have difficulty distinguishing between going to  â€" meaning 'headed in a direction' versus the 'going to' that signals an intention.Here is an easy way to remember the difference: if another verb follows 'going to', that verb phrase signals intent. If no other verb follows, you are facing an ongoing action.How to Compose a Negative SentenceSuppose your Esol score is lower than expected? Or maybe you are not going to your English lessons.Negating an expression is not always as simple as inserting not into your sentence.Especially with the more elaborate verb constructions, you must take care to put your negative in the right place.I did not score well on my Esol exam.The helper (auxiliary) verb  goes before the negation. The verb to  score is not conjugated; it remains in its natural form.I am not going to my business English class.To negate a sentence written in present progressive, simply insert not between the auxiliary and action verbs.Because every verb tense conjugates differently and writing or speaking the negative form can be complex â€" especially if you are composing a sentence using an irregular verb, it pays to practise this aspect of grammar.Find out more about English language st yle and form in our dedicated blog.From a police report in America:A  black  male suspect was observed fleeing in a northerly direction at a rapid rate of speed, and we were in quick pursuit, but we were unable to apprehend the individual.Although word order rules have been followed in this run-on sentence, this example breaks grammar rules for proper sentence construction and conjunction use.To speak English fluently, you should use short, concise sentences with as few adjectives and adverbs as possible.Let's rewrite that statement, using proper grammar:The suspect was seen fleeing north. We were in pursuit, but were unable to apprehend him.Not only is the statement much shorter, but splitting it into two complete sentences helps make it easier to understand.Although not an outright grammatical error, the repetition of 'we were' in the original sentence is a style blunder that makes the statement awkward and unprofessional.As an English learner, you should strive for expressions th at inform rather than overwhelm. These exercises can help you place words in the proper order.ESOL Grammar: Proper Punctuation is VitalA woman without her man is nothing.This sentence can be punctuated in several ways:A woman, without her man, is nothing.Punctuated this way, the sentence suggests that women must have a man at their side, otherwise they are of no value.A woman: without her, man is nothing.Highlighting aspects of text through the use of a  colon and comma, we find that man has no worth without woman.Clearly, punctuation has a profound effect on interpretation in English.Oddly enough, English courses seldom emphasise the importance of punctuation.Another often misused punctuation mark is the apostrophe.I'll buy this toy for my cat's.This sentence includes a correct use of the apostrophe, and an incorrect one.Do you know which is which?Punctuation errors being so prevalent in the written language, obviously English teaching should include in-depth instruction on how to use these marks effectively.Fortunately, if you are taking English lessons  online, you can find many sites that promote the proper use of punctuation.Have you considered taking any online English courses?If so, you might already have found the University of Bristol's page, loaded with practice exercises and quizzes that address punctuation.Using the Right WordLe mot juste â€" French for the right word is a phrase that people use upon discovering the very word they need to express their sentiment.The trouble with English words is that so many of them sound exactly alike! Some of them are even spelled the same.Using the right word guarantees your success in speaking English Source: Pixabay Credit: StevepbWhether homophone, homonym or homograph, the important fact to remember is that word pairs do not have the same meaning.Check out our blog on words with multiple meanings in English.Effect and affect  are two such words. One of them suggests a quality that expresses outward; the othe r is one that works inwardly.My English pronunciation will ______ my TOEFL score.Which one should you write?Affect is generally used as a verb, therefore your pronunciation will affect your exam score.Effect can be either a noun or a verb, but is mainly used as a noun, like in this sentence:The effect of listening to spoken English on your language skills cannot be measured.Are you ready for another challenge?Those studying English as a second language could stand a ___________ of their vocabulary coursework.Is lightening the correct word? Or should we insert lightning?If you chose the second, the sentence suggests that a bolt of electricity should zap every student's dictionary and textbook, and possibly every English teacher on the planet.For the sake of English teachers everywhere, we hope you chose correctly.  To sharpen your vocabulary skills, test yourself on these most frequently confused word pairs.The Best Grammar ExercisesWe could say that your having to work so hard to le arn English grammar and vocabulary is not fair, especially considering that the native English speaker learns grammar as a matter of course, in early life, before s/he can formulate complete thoughts.You have to work much harder to pick up the English skills native speakers seem to flaunt.The best way to test your language skills is to use them at every available opportunity.Do not concern yourself unduly over whether any given word is a preposition, a conjunction or an aberration of the English language.Who cares if a verb is a modal or an auxiliary?Our formula to achieve fluency: learn abundantly, test yourself minimally, and speak frequently.If you follow that advice (advise?), your proficiency will surely grow.Learn how English grammar has changed over the years here.